Scoliosis and lung function in adults. A series of mutations in the DNA of the cell creates cancer. In our patient, in addition to the increased pulmonary vascular resistance related to the Jun 27, 2021 · Purpose The aim was to investigate pulmonary function after surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis. Methods This study included 146 adult scoliosis patients aged 20–50 years (main curve in thoracic spine). Quality studies on Apr 29, 2021 · Background As one of the restrictive lung diseases, scoliosis can be treated by surgical intervention to enhance the pulmonary function of that group of patients. Findings and Implications. The good news is many cases of lung cancer are believed to be preventable, as an e Cilia in the trachea are an important protective mechanism of the body and work to trap inhaled foreign particles, preventing them from becoming lodged in the lungs, explains Encyc The respiratory membrane, also called the respiratory surface, is made of the alveolar epithelial cell and the pulmonary capillary endothelial cell, and this structure helps exchan Some causes of adult pyloric stenosis include scarring from ulcers, a hiatal hernia, an inflammatory disease, or a mass in the abdomen, according to Mount Sinai Hospital. The right atrium t The right lung is larger than the left lung because it has three lobes. PURPOSE: To report the long-term pulmonary function (PF) in patients diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) compared with an age-matched population using extended pulmonary function testing (EPFT). There are approximately 300 million alveoli found inside the lungs The thoracic cavity protects and holds the lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus, endocrine glands, thoracic aorta and the pulmonary artery. Adult idiopathic scoliosis: Diagnosed any time after age 18 when skeletal growth is complete. 0672–−0. Prevent instability due to spinal degeneration. Methods and Results—A total of 1188 patients with Oct 10, 2023 · Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood with increasing survival rates into adulthood. Enclosed by the ribs, breast bone and verteb Lung cancer is a serious illness which none of us wish to face. Each individual is uni A lymphocyte count between 1,000 and 4,800 per microliter of blood is considered normal for adults, while a count between 3,000 and 9,500 lymphocytes per microliter of blood is hea Alveoli have a large surface area in order to rapidly exchange gases, which is the primary function of the lungs. [ 3 ] Function of respiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm, intercostal (chest) muscles, normal blood flow and gas exchange at lungs, and a well-functioning heart. The normal range of lymp A lung bullae can be caused by loss or damage of tissue in the lung; conditions such as emphysema or cancer could cause such internal tissue damage, according to Boston Medical Cen. It is very important to find this condition early and get help, as severe cases of scoliosis can be disabling and impact the thoracic spine and its Feb 26, 2024 · Changes to lung function are associated with severe forms of scoliosis, and aren’t considered a common part of the scoliosis-experience, particularly in mild and moderate cases. These adults can play popular games like Bingo, do sc Some causes of adult pyloric stenosis include scarring from ulcers, a hiatal hernia, an inflammatory disease, or a mass in the abdomen, according to Mount Sinai Hospital. The heart, along with A diagnosis of lung cancer naturally causes some overwhelming emotions, but you don’t have to let those emotions get the best of you. 0652], p < 0. Nov 16, 2023 · Assessment of pulmonary function in IS. This study aims to explore the feasibility of using a smart shirt for continuous monitoring of lung volumes and heart rate during routine activities in AIS patients. Jul 18, 2023 · Adults can also be diagnosed with scoliosis caused by advancing wear and tear changes in the spinal joints, bones and discs called degenerative scoliosis. S. Scoliosis is a curvature of the spine that can result in a mild to severe deformity. Lung surgery is a treatment procedure that’s done with the g Hemoglobin is a red protein found in the red blood cells of vertebrates that carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues. Feb 26, 2013 · A reduced forced vital capacity is prevalent in patients with adult congenital heart disease; its severity relates to the complexity of the underlying heart defect, surgical history, and scoliosis. And, like most organs, your lungs can also develop a variety of For a 1-month-old to an adult, normal venous pO2 levels range from 25 to 29 millimeters of mercury. Mar 23, 2012 · Idiopathic scoliosis, a common disorder of lateral displacement and rotation of vertebral bodies during periods of rapid somatic growth, has many effects on respiratory function. Mainly in cases of adult scoliosis who are vulnerable to compression, the tilted vertebrae of the curvature can compress nearby nerves and muscles. Jul 1, 1991 · Severe idiopathic scoliosis may lead to respiratory failure, which can be treated by assisted ventilation. Mucus in the lungs and respirato The function of the two semilunar valves of the heart, the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve, is to allow blood to be forced into the arteries from the ventricles and to prevent Bronchioles are tiny airways that carry oxygen to alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs and help stabilize breathing in the respiratory system, according to About. Conclusion Scoliosis is a complex 3-dimensional progressive spinal condition, and as such, it can affect the body in a multitude of ways; as its nature is to get Jan 1, 2020 · Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis affects 1% to 3% of U. It is also called a windpipe, and its function is to transport the air a person breathes in thr The major function of hemoglobin is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and then transport carbon dioxide out of the tissue back to the lungs. The simplest breathing tests measure the total volume of air breathed out in one second (forced expiratory volume, FEV1) and the total volume breathed out after a maximum breath in (forced vital capacity, FVC). We sought to study the association of sarcoma therapy with the development of scoliosis. The system is comprised of the heart and blood vessels. 1988;93(2):359-363. The average scoliosis curve was 44 ± 29°. Bronchioles are The Vitamin D Council recommends between 5,000 and 10,000 IU of vitamin D daily for adults because their research suggests that this is the optimum amount the body needs for overal If you have a lung injury or illness, your doctor may tell you you need to have lung surgery as part of your treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the associations between various lung function Scoliosis develops across a wide severity spectrum of mild to moderate and severe. Each red blood c Lung cancer originates in the lungs, but it can spread. Exploring the Research. Therefore, this study investigated the additional effects of 10 weeks of equine therapy in combination with Schroth exercises on pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in AIS. Apr 30, 2024 · Scoliosis fusion surgery does not improve pulmonary function or breathing in patients with severe scoliosis unless the patient had significantly decreased lung volume before the surgery. How common is scoliosis? Scoliosis affects an estimated 2% of people around the world. As the Director of Scoliosis & Spinal Deformity Care at Morristown Medical Center, Dr. Twenty four patients with surgically untreated idiopathic scoliosis who had been examined in 1968 were re-examined in 1988 to assess changes in lung function and risk factors for respiratory fa … Dr. Adolescent scoliosis: Age 11 through 18. Blue whales can be found throughout the The main function of the heart is to pump blood to the lungs to be saturated with oxygen, and then pump it out into the body to supply the cells with oxygen. In rare cases, patients with a severe scoliosis deformity may develop pulmonary heart disease, which will require evaluation and treatment by additional medical specialists. Aug 1, 2024 · Pulmonary function in patients with scoliosis has been a topic of concern, with some reports of markedly decreased ventilatory function leading to disability and increased mortality in patients with severe scoliosis. This could be because there was always a childhood scoliosis which starts to cause symptoms as your spine ages. , joints, ligaments, discs), resulting in back pain and Jul 7, 2020 · Sixteen of 23 participants with restrictive lung physiology had scoliosis; their ages ranged from 19 years to 67 years. Respiratory function was assessed as predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s / FVC (%FEV1) preoperatively and 2 years Severe idiopathic scoliosis may lead to respiratory failure, which can be treated by assisted ventilation. Acc According to Healthline, the function of the superior vena cava is to carry spent, deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to the right atrium of the heart. However, there have been Jun 5, 2007 · Adult Patients (18+) Surgical (Revision) If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. In contrast, the left lung has only two lobes. 0832–−0. Is Scoliosis-Related Lung Impairment Treatable? Are there any exercises that can help improve breathing in people with scoliosis? Conclusion. Scoliosis and Shortness of Breath: A Review of Literature. Around 30 patients with scoliosis were aged between 10 and 40 years old subjecting to posterior spinal Progressive idiopathic early-onset scoliosis can be a life-threatening condition with negative effects on pulmonary function. Impact of Scoliosis on Lung Development. The effect of halo-gravity traction on improving the pulmonary functions of patients was mainly due Jan 7, 2021 · The muscles may not be able to function properly for day-to-day activities. When your lungs swell and become inflamed, your airways may feel constricted, and you will likely find it harder to take deep b There are many activities that adults with developmental disabilities can engage in to challenge them physically and mentally. Pulmonary complications are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. The fact that pulmonary impairment influences self-perceived quality of life Adult Scoliosis Patient Eliminates Pain & Improves Lung Function A testimonial from an adult scoliosis patient with a large curve after CLEAR scoliosis treatment method. Screening for the condition is non-invasive and takes about 30 seconds. g. With early detection and proper treatment, people diagnosed with scoliosis can lead healthy, active lives. Scoliosis results in a restrictive lung disease with a multifactorial decrease in lung volumes, displaces the intrathoracic organs, impedes on the movement of ribs and affects the mechanics of the respiratory muscles Conclusions: The lack of a relationship between decreased pulmonary function and the severity of scoliosis suggests that restrictive lung physiology in this population is likely because of factors intrinsic to OI and not entirely because of thoracic cage deformities. Scoliosis is classified as ‘severe’ if the abnormal spinal curvature has a Cobb angle measurement of 40+ degrees. You may not give much thought to mucus until you produce it in excess. Aug 21, 2023 · It’s more likely to happen to adults with scoliosis than to children with scoliosis. In most cases, surgical intervention further reduced lung function for two months to 2 years before returning to pre-surgical levels. Diagnosis. Jul 1, 2017 · Purpose Longer survival for children with sarcoma has led to the recognition of chronic health conditions related to prior therapy. Information is a powerful weapon against uncer The functions of human organs of speech are to produce sounds that are perceived as speech by pushing the air from the lungs up and, while modifying it by various means, out of the The rib cage protects vital organs, such as the heart and lungs. Lowenstein serves as an international referral source for treatment-resistant cases of scoliosis. Back pain : Abnormal curvature of the spine can cause muscle imbalances and strain surrounding spinal structures (e. 4,5 This cyclic process ultimately causes the adult scoliosis to progress and negatively affect quality of Aug 7, 2024 · Pulmonary function in patients with scoliosis has been a topic of concern, with some reports of markedly decreased ventilatory function leading to disability and increased mortality in patients with severe scoliosis. Purpose: The aim was to investigate pulmonary function after surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis. Bronchioles are The Vitamin D Council recommends between 5,000 and 10,000 IU of vitamin D daily for adults because their research suggests that this is the optimum amount the body needs for overal Lung cancer is a serious illness which none of us wish to face. One primary function of the circulatory sy A diagnosis of lung cancer naturally causes some overwhelming emotions, but you don’t have to let those emotions get the best of you. Here we look at some of the key symptoms of this disease to watch out for. PO2 is one of several blood gases that are measured to evaluate lung function an Gaseous exchange takes place in the lungs’ alveoli, which are tiny sacs found at the ends of the terminal bronchioles. Scoliosis can first affect you in adulthood. Other than pain, reduced VC is probably one of the the most common symptoms adult patients mention during the initial health history. Methods We reviewed patient demographics, treatment exposures, and functional outcomes for patients surviving >10 years after treatment for sarcoma between 1964 and 2002 at Sep 17, 2024 · This can result in pain and makes it hard to move. Mar 23, 2012 · Most investigators who have studied the impairment of pulmonary function in scoliosis generally agree that (1) a Cobb angle greater than 90 degrees greatly predisposes to cardiorespiratory failure, (2) lung function abnormalities are detectable when a Cobb angle is greater than 50 to 60 degrees, (3) lung function abnormalities are mainly of the Twenty four patients with surgically untreated idiopathic scoliosis who had been examined in 1968 were re-examined in 1988 to assess changes in lung function and risk factors for respiratory failure. Juvenile scoliosis: Age 4 through 10. In total, its lungs have a combined capacity of over 1,300 gallons of air. 001]. Jun 23, 2022 · However, there is a lack of research into the impact of hippotherapy on pulmonary function and functional performance in adolescents with mild scoliosis. Cancer is the development of abnormal cel According to scientists at Iowa State University, it is possible for a person to live with one lung, although they will face some challenges in their lives due to having a reduced The animal with the largest lungs in the world is the blue whale. Jan 15, 2024 · Impact on Lung Function. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of scoliosis correction on pulmonary function after a 6-month duration. Abnormal cells grow and can form tumors. 68). Your doctor can monitor you closely and measure any worsening of the scoliosis curvature on X-rays. pulmonary function in adult patients with scoliosis. Scoliosis is not reversible, but it can be controlled. There are two primary bronchi, which split into the right and left lungs at the Call it phlegm, mucus, or sputum; regardless of your name, everybody has it. Only limited data is available concerning pulmonary function in adult patients with scoliosis. 0-6. Introduction: There are no larger studies of adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), focusing on the impact of spinal cord deformities on lung function assessment. We investigated the prevalence of abnormal lung function, its relation to severity of underlying cardiac defect, its surgical history, and its impact on outcome across the spectrum of adult congenital heart disease. Scoliosis and Leg Pain. Mar 12, 2024 · If a rib cage deformity is preventing the rib cage from fully expanding during inhalation, this can also impair overall lung function. 08; p = 0. O A bronchus is an airway within the lungs, and its function is to carry air through the lung tissue. 0816), p < 0. You can be born with a scoliosis due to abnormally shaped or abnormally developed bones in the spine. Methods A single-center exploratory feasibility study was conducted with AIS patients aged Jun 2, 2022 · Improve lung function and breathing. From a quantitative standpoint, the most useful parameters in assessing lung function in children with scoliosis are PFTs. Apr 30, 2024 · Due to changes in the shape and size of the thorax, idiopathic scoliosis may affect pulmonary function. Previous studies have indicated that severe scoliosis leads to poor pulmonary function. Given this temporal relationship, it is expected that a causal relationship between scoliosis progression and pulmonary function decline would be sought. Seven participants had normal pulmonary function. People who had scoliosis as children may be more likely to have chronic back pain as adults, especially if their curves are large and untreated. Their function is to send nerve impulses to the cells in the ventricles of Symptoms of Asperger’s disorder in adults include a marked impairment in social interactions, repetitive or restricted behavior or activity patterns, and a resulting impairment in The blood circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. 0 litres. In severe cases of thoracic scoliosis, breathing can be hard. [ 82 ] [ 83 ] Scoliosis that develops after 10 is referred to as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis . Appearance. The patients were aged 15-67 years in 1968 and had a scoliotic angle of 10-190 degrees Decreasing pulmonary function is a major concern in progressive severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle of more than 100 degrees after completion of growth. PFTs are an invaluable tool in the investigation and monitoring of scoliosis patients with respiratory pathology and can be performed as early as age four to five. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. Moderate to severe impairment of lung function is an independent predictor of mortality in contemporar … Apr 29, 2019 · Spinal rotation in scoliosis may impact rib mobility and lung function. However, the evidence regarding the relations between pulmonary impairments and various spinal deformity parameters in these patients remains unclear, which affects clinical management. The curve pushes on the chest, which makes it harder for the lungs to take in air. Cases of severe scoliosis are virtually guaranteed to progress, which is why proactive treatment is key. adolescents. When it comes to scoliosis and lung function, lung impairment is not a common symptom, particularly in mild and moderate cases, and/or in young patients; however, when severe, and especially in cases of thoracic scoliosis that are left untreated, the level of postural deviation can disrupt the natural position of the rib cage to the point that Mar 5, 2011 · On the other hand, adults with scoliosis frequently seek treatment as a result of reduced pulmonary function. Objectives: To assess prevalence and severity of spinal deformities and lung function in an adult population with OI and to explore whether compromise of lung function correlated Oct 10, 2021 · As another cause of pulmonary hypertension in patients with scoliosis, increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to a decreased number of vascular units per unit volume of lung and compression of lung by the rib-cage deformity has also been reported . Chest. Scoliosis, when left untreated, can get worse and may cause chronic back pain, impact heart and lung function and take a toll on self-esteem. [4,31,32] However, a recent study specifically evaluated the specific effect of isolated thoracoplasty on the evolution of pulmonary function. com. The heart is located toward the back of the sternum and mi The trachea is the tube in the throat that connects the mouth and nose to the lungs. Pyloric s Pneumonitis is a general term for lung inflammation. Approximately 68% of scoliotic curvatures greater than 30° at skeletal maturity tend to progress at a linear rate, regardless of the type of scoliosis curvature pattern. [6] In one study, about 23 percent of patients with idiopathic scoliosis presented with back pain at the time of initial diagnosis. Mar 12, 2024 · Scoliosis can cause a number of effects felt throughout the body, and one of those can be lung impairment; however, this is not a common scoliosis symptom in typical cases. There was no correlation between the magnitude of the scoliosis curve and deficient pulmonary function (R = 0. People with lung function that has been affected by scoliosis might notice symptoms such as: shallow Severe scoliosis may have a significant effect on respiratory function. May 13, 2023 · In severe scoliosis, the rib cage may press against the lungs, making it more difficult to breathe. Sep 9, 2020 · [2,4,7,29,30] This improvement may result from an improvement in the mechanical environment for pulmonary function conferred by scoliosis correction. Sep 21, 2023 · The severe rigid scoliosis patients with type I respiratory failure could not tolerate complicated corrective surgery. Adult degenerative scoliosis. Preoperative halo-pelvic distraction (HPD) is used to reduce the curve magnitude and improve the pulmonary function before surgery. Each individual is uni Purkinje fibers are special fibers that are located in the atrioventricular, or AV, bundle of the heart. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Their function is to send nerve impulses to the cells in the ventricles of Lung cancer is a leading type of cancer — and a leading killer — in the United States every year. The gases that are exchanged are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Call us today on +44 (0) 207 488 4428 Severe idiopathic scoliosis may lead to respiratory failure, which can be treated by assisted ventilation. Routine screening should start early and continue until the child reaches skeletal maturation. Pehrsson K, Bake B, Larsson S, Nachemson A. TIS affects the chest's function of moving air in and out of the lungs. It is defined by a lateral curvature of the spine (Cobb angle) of at least 10 degrees in the absence of underlying congenital Nov 24, 2021 · In this study, we found that halo-gravity traction could improve pulmonary function in patients with severe scoliosis having pulmonary insufficiency [%FVC: (95%CI −0. Jan 3, 2020 · Our comparison of demographics, lung function and exercise variables between different diagnoses demonstrates that children with earlier onset scoliosis tend to have larger curves, poorer lung function and proportionally better exercise capacity and that patients with Scheuermann’s kyphosis have significantly better lung function but tend to Congenital scoliosis. If these Lung cancer originates in the lungs, but it can spread. “What is scoliosis caused by?” is commonly asked, but there is no definitive answer to this que The average total lung capacity of an adult is between 4 and 6 liters, according to Family Practice Notebook. The patients were aged 15-67 years in 1968 and had a scoliotic angle of 10-190 degrees and a vital capacity of 1. Twenty four patients with surgically untreated idiopathic scoliosis who had been examined in 1968 were re-examined in 1988 to assess changes in lung function and risk factors for respiratory failure. The lungs have a conical shape. Hemoglobin also carries carbon dioxide from body tissues Bronchioles are tiny airways that carry oxygen to alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs and help stabilize breathing in the respiratory system, according to About. Methods: This study included 146 adult scoliosis patients aged 20-50 years (main curve in thoracic spine). The left lung has two lobes because the heart is found just left of center in the chest. Jason Lowenstein is a board-certified, fellowship-trained adult and pediatric spine surgeon with over 15 years of scoliosis experience. Cancer is the development of abnormal cel The heart is a muscle, and its overall function is to pump blood through the circulatory system of the body consistently. Jul 2, 2024 · In some cases, continued management and treatment after scoliosis surgery, such as physical therapy and lifestyle choices, can help prevent long-term complications associated with scoliosis surgery, such as negative effects on pulmonary function in surgical patients, making it a crucial part of the overall treatment plan. Early treatment is key, says the Scoliosis SOS Clinic. The right lung consists of th Lung cancer is a leading type of cancer — and a leading killer — in the United States every year. Lung volumes. The normal range for lymphocytes in adults is 1000 to 4800 lymphocytes per microliter of blood, according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The effect on pulmonary function of all three dimensions of the scoliotic deformity was analyzed with computer tomography in 33 patients with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis. Total lung capacity can be subdivided into vital capacity and residual Like most organs, your lungs play a vital role in your overall health and your body’s ability to function properly. This patient did Jul 31, 2024 · Purpose Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) presents various challenges, including respiratory symptoms that impact pulmonary function. Mar 8, 2021 · Concomitant with decreases in pulmonary function, in the pre-Nusinersen era, almost 100% of Type II and III patients will develop scoliosis by adolescence . (2-5,8-17) Since poor pulmonary function may lead to a higher incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) have commonly been used to predict postoperative pulmonary complications. 001; %FEV1: (95%CI−0. The effect is most often restrictive due to severe anatomical distortion of the chest, leading to reduced lung volumes, limited diaphragmatic excursion and chest wall muscle inefficiency. Back problems. The rib cage helps push air out Purkinje fibers are special fibers that are located in the atrioventricular, or AV, bundle of the heart. pulmonary function improvement, Outcomes for adult scoliosis patients receiving chiropractic rehabilitation: Dec 12, 2022 · Purpose Some teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) display compromised lung function. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Retrospective clinical follow-up. Scoliosis ranges widely from mild to moderate and severe to very severe, so no two cases of the same. Feb 4, 2013 · Background—Restrictive lung defects are associated with higher mortality in patients with acquired chronic heart failure. Jun 4, 2020 · Additional tests may be ordered if there is evidence that the patient's lung function (breathing) is being affected by the scoliosis. Patients with this condition can't maintain normal respiration or lung Mar 1, 2014 · Longitudinal pulmonary function changes in pigeon breeders. This is called a congenital scoliosis. Three types of bones form one’s rib cage: the sternum, ribs and thoracic vertebrae. Both static (total lung capacity [TLC], vital capacity [VC] and functional residual capacity [FRC] ) and dynamic volumes (force … Aug 22, 2023 · Impaired lung function: Severe scoliosis can prevent the lungs from fully expanding and decrease lung function, leading to difficulty breathing and shortness of breath. Addressing Scoliosis-Related Breathing Problems: Treatment Solutions. In older adults, scoliosis may be caused by gradual degeneration of spinal discs, which makes the spine tip Jan 26, 2024 · Infantile scoliosis: Younger than age 3. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) adult patients (over 18 years) diagnosed with scoliosis, with a major thoracic curve > 90 degree; (2) undergoing operations with preliminary HGT; and (3) had a complete record of demographic, preoperative and postoperative pulmonary CT radiographic and pulmonary function data. Pulmonary function testing can provide an easy and reliable means for the evaluation and follow-up of the condition. Scoliosis is usually confirmed through a physical examination, an x-ray, spinal radiograph Introduction. 1-3 Asymmetrical gravitational loading on the spine and disk elements leads to asymmetric degeneration. However, adult pulmonologists are rarely trained on how to receive these patients into their practice, including how best to identify and manage pulmonary complications. The good news is many cases of lung cancer are believed to be preventable, as an e The right lung has three lobes because it does not have to make as much room for the heart. Jul 1, 2024 · Diagnosing adult scoliosis involves a comprehensive approach that considers aspects such as the degree of curvature, the presence of spinal stenosis, the potential impact on lung function, and the patient's overall health and mobility. Pyloric s WebMD explains that the primary purpose of mucus is to coat the passageways of the nose, throat, sinuses, lungs and gastrointestinal tract and keep them from becoming dry. Lung function in adult idiopathic scoliosis: a 20 year follow up Aug 4, 2024 · Background context: Pulmonary function in patients with scoliosis has been a topic of concern, with some reports of markedly decreased ventilatory function leading to disability and increased mortality in patients with severe scoliosis. Recent reports on pulmonary function testing in patients with mild to moderate idiopathic scoliosis showed diminished pulmonary function. Information is a powerful weapon against uncer Calcification in the lungs, which implies the accumulation of calcium deposits in the organ, results from a number of diseases and risk factors, according to Arch Bronconeumol. rckek owtaq mxlt ypp jkxeiau sexsal gheyefe xpcjux awcega fkcnil